Electromagnetic Test for EMI Conducted and Radiated Interference Using LISUN EMI-9KB Test Receiver

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) is a critical issue in electronic device design and manufacturing, as it can disrupt the functionality of both the device itself and nearby equipment. Conducted and radiated interference tests are essential components of the electromagnetic test process, ensuring that devices comply with regulatory standards. This paper explores the use of the electromagnetic test system, specifically the LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver, in evaluating conducted and radiated EMI. Detailed methodologies, key test parameters, and real-world applications in various industries are discussed.

Introduction
With the increasing complexity of electronic devices, EMI poses a growing challenge in ensuring that products meet compliance standards and do not interfere with other devices. EMI testing is vital for manufacturers to identify and mitigate interference, ensuring that devices meet regulatory requirements such as CISPR, FCC, and other international standards. The electromagnetic test encompasses both conducted and radiated EMI testing, crucial for evaluating a device’s electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

The LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver is a versatile instrument designed for comprehensive EMI testing. Its advanced features make it suitable for both conducted and radiated interference measurements, providing accurate and reliable data that helps manufacturers address EMI issues early in the design and production stages.

Overview of Electromagnetic Test
Electromagnetic tests for EMI involve two primary components: conducted and radiated interference testing.

• Conducted EMI Testing: Measures the electromagnetic noise that is transferred from the device under test (DUT) to the power lines or other connected cables. This type of interference can affect other devices connected to the same power network.
• Radiated EMI Testing: Assesses the electromagnetic energy emitted through the air from the DUT, which can impact the operation of nearby electronic devices.
These tests are essential to ensure that electronic products are safe and function as intended in their operational environments.

LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver
The LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver is a high-precision instrument designed for electromagnetic test applications, particularly in detecting and analyzing conducted and radiated EMI. It complies with international standards, including CISPR 16-1, GB/T 6113-1, and EN 55016-1-1, making it suitable for global compliance testing requirements.

Key Features:
• Frequency Range: 9 kHz to 30 MHz for conducted emissions and up to 1 GHz for radiated emissions.
• High Sensitivity and Accuracy: The receiver provides precise measurements with low noise levels, crucial for detecting subtle interference.
• Automated Testing: Integrated software automates the test process, enhancing efficiency and reducing human error.
• Data Analysis and Reporting: The system offers comprehensive data logging and reporting capabilities, facilitating in-depth analysis of EMI test results.

Applications in Conducted EMI Testing

Conducted EMI testing is performed to ensure that the DUT does not introduce harmful interference into the power lines. The LISUN EMI-9KB system uses a Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) to provide consistent impedance and measure the noise generated by the DUT.

Case Study: Testing Household Appliances

Household appliances such as washing machines and refrigerators are prone to generating conducted emissions due to their motor-driven components. The LISUN EMI-9KB can evaluate these emissions to ensure compliance with standards such as CISPR 14-1.

Test Parameter	Value	Standard	Pass/Fail Criteria
Frequency Range	150 kHz – 30 MHz	CISPR 14-1	Emissions < Limit Line
Peak Detector Level	<50 dBμV	CISPR 14-1	dBμV values < Standard Limit
Average Detector Level	<30 dBμV	CISPR 14-1	dBμV values < Standard Limit

The data indicates that the DUT must maintain emissions below the standard limits to ensure compliance. The LISUN EMI-9KB automates the detection and evaluation of these emissions, providing precise feedback that allows manufacturers to make necessary adjustments.

Case Study: Testing Information Technology Equipment (ITE)

Information technology equipment, including computers and network devices, can generate significant conducted EMI that may disrupt other electronic systems. The LISUN EMI-9KB system effectively identifies conducted interference levels in these products.

Test Parameter	Value	Standard	Pass/Fail Criteria
Frequency Range	150 kHz – 30 MHz	CISPR 22	Emissions < Limit Line
Peak Detector Level	<46 dBμV	CISPR 22	dBμV values < Standard Limit
Average Detector Level	<30 dBμV	CISPR 22	dBμV values < Standard Limit

The electromagnetic test results for ITE must comply with the emissions limits to avoid causing interference in connected systems, ensuring smooth operation across the network.

Applications in Radiated EMI Testing

Radiated EMI testing is crucial for evaluating the electromagnetic emissions that are radiated into the environment. These emissions can interfere with the operation of nearby electronic devices, making radiated EMI testing an essential component of the electromagnetic test process.

Case Study: Testing Automotive Components

Automotive components, especially those involving complex electronics such as ECUs (Electronic Control Units), must be thoroughly tested for radiated emissions. The LISUN EMI-9KB system is equipped to perform these tests, ensuring that components meet automotive EMC standards.

Test Parameter	Value	Standard	Pass/Fail Criteria
Frequency Range	30 MHz – 1 GHz	CISPR 25	Emissions < Limit Line
Peak Detector Level	<40 dBμV	CISPR 25	dBμV values < Standard Limit
Average Detector Level	<30 dBμV	CISPR 25	dBμV values < Standard Limit

Ensuring that automotive components comply with radiated EMI standards is critical for vehicle safety and reliability. The LISUN EMI-9KB system provides a robust platform for evaluating and controlling these emissions.

Case Study: Testing Consumer Electronics

Consumer electronics, including smartphones, tablets, and wearables, are subject to strict radiated EMI standards to prevent interference with other devices. The LISUN EMI-9KB system offers precise measurements that help manufacturers ensure compliance with these regulations.

Test Parameter	Value	Standard	Pass/Fail Criteria
Frequency Range	30 MHz – 1 GHz	FCC Part 15	Emissions < Limit Line
Peak Detector Level	<50 dBμV	FCC Part 15	dBμV values < Standard Limit
Average Detector Level	<35 dBμV	FCC Part 15	dBμV values < Standard Limit

The electromagnetic test results ensure that consumer electronics meet stringent regulatory standards, thereby reducing the risk of interference in everyday environments.

Conclusion
The electromagnetic test is a critical process in ensuring that electronic devices meet regulatory requirements for EMI. The LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver offers a comprehensive solution for both conducted and radiated EMI testing, providing manufacturers with the tools needed to evaluate and control electromagnetic emissions. Its advanced features, including automated testing and detailed data analysis, make it an invaluable asset in both R&D and production settings.

By implementing effective EMI testing protocols using the LISUN EMI-9KB, manufacturers can ensure that their products are safe, reliable, and compliant with international standards. This not only protects the end user but also helps maintain the integrity of the electronic ecosystem.

References
LISUN Group. (2024). LISUN EMI-9KB EMI Test Receiver. Retrieved from https://www.lisungroup.com/products/emi-and-emc-test-system/emi-test-receiver.html
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2023). CISPR 14-1 – Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus.
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2023). CISPR 22 – Information technology equipment – Radio disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement.
Federal Communications Commission. (2023). FCC Part 15 – Radio Frequency Devices.

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