Exploring the Spring Impact Hammer: Structure, Working Principle, and Applications

Introduction:

The spring impact hammer, also known as a spring impactor, is an instrument used for impact testing. It releases a specific amount of impact energy through an internal impactor, applying it to the surface of the specimen, thus facilitating impact performance testing of materials or products.

Applications and Standards:

The spring impact hammer is designed and manufactured according to international standards such as IEC 60068-2-75 and domestic standard GB 2423.55, specifically represented by figure E.1 (spring hammer test device). It is primarily utilized for evaluating the mechanical impact resistance of enclosures, operating rods, handles, knobs, indicator lights, and similar components of household and similar electrical appliances.

This testing device finds widespread application in product quality control and safety assessment. By simulating mechanical impacts that products may encounter during transportation, usage, or accidents, it assesses the impact resistance of product enclosures and related components, ensuring their safety and reliability in practical applications.

IEC 60068-2-75 and GB 2423.55 are standards published by international and domestic standardization organizations, respectively. They specify the design requirements, testing methods, and evaluation criteria for spring impact hammer, providing unified testing standards and references for relevant industries.

IK Classification and Corresponding Impact Energies:

The spring impact hammer follows the IK classification system, ranging from IK01 to IK07, which are utilized for testing different levels of impact energies. Each IK level corresponds to a specific impact energy, as follows:

•  IK01: 0.14J
•  IK02: 0.2J
•  IK03: 0.35J
•  IK04: 0.5J
•  IK05: 0.7J
•  IK06: 1J
•  IK07: 2J

Selection of the appropriate IK level enables the evaluation of the specimen’s ability to withstand different levels of impact energy. These standardized levels and corresponding impact energies ensure consistency and comparability of test results, guiding product design and quality control improvements.

IK01-06_Spring Impact Hammer IK Level Tester

Material, Types, and Usage:

Material and Price Differences:

The spring impact hammer with 2J energy utilizes a stainless steel hammer head, while those with 1J or lower energy use polyetherimide (PEI) material. Consequently, the 2J version is relatively more expensive and heavier. Additionally, single-stage spring impact hammers use aluminum alloy shells with a thickness of 1mm, while multi-stage ones employ 2mm thick stainless steel shells, exhibiting higher durability.

Types and Multi-stage Design:

Spring impact hammers are categorized into single-stage and multi-stage types. Multi-stage hammers are further classified into five-stage and six-stage variants, allowing the selection of different energy levels for testing purposes. Each stage corresponds to specific IK levels, providing versatility in testing requirements.

Usage Method:

Adhering to relevant standards, begin by fixing the specimen and selecting appropriate impact energy and test positions. Pull the operating handle until a “click” sound is heard, indicating the hammer is ready for release. Align the hammer perpendicular to the specimen’s surface, make contact, and then release to conduct the impact test.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the material, type, and usage method of spring impact hammers are designed based on varied requirements and standard specifications. Choosing and utilizing them correctly ensures the accuracy and reliability of test results, facilitating product quality enhancement and safety assurance.