A spectrum analyzer is an instrument used to study the spectral structure of telecommunications signals. It can measure signal distortion, modulation, spectrum purity, frequency stability, and intermodulation distortion, among other signal parameters, for the measurement of certain parameters of circuits such as amplifiers and filters. Spectrum analyzers are also referred to as frequency-domain os...
Illumination is one of the most important factors impacting human visual perception. The photometric performance of lighting fixtures and the luminous flux of LED fixtures are vital indicators for assessing the quality and performance of the fixtures. This article explores the importance of Type C Goniophotometer for photometry of lighting fixtures and luminous flux testing of LED fixtures, as w...
With the development of technology, LED lighting has been widely used in the field of illumination. In order to ensure the quality and performance of LED lighting, it is necessary to test LED lighting. This article will introduce large and small integrating spheres and the integrating sphere testing system as an efficient and accurate method for testing LED lighting. 1. Large integrating sphere A ...
1 General 1.1 Scope and object This International Standard(IEC61032) specifies details and dimensions of test probes intended to verify the protection provided by enclosures with regard to: – protection of persons against access to hazardous parts inside the enclosure; – protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects. SMT IP20T_AL The object o...
8 Protection of Users-Accessibility of Uninsulated Live Parts and Moving Parts-and User Servicing in UL 2200 8.1 The requirements in 8.2-8.17 apply only to low voltage parts that are accessible to the user and are isolated from medium voltage circuits. See 8.18 for requirements for medium voltage parts and low voltage parts that are not isolated from medium voltage circuits. For protection of ser...
Static Discharge Gun, is also known as ESD Simulation.With the continuous development of automotive electronic technology, the impact of electrostatic discharge on automotive electronic devices is becoming increasingly significant. This article introduces the phenomenon of electrostatic discharge, analyzes the potential damage it can cause to automotive electronic devices, and proposes an automoti...
As an emerging light source, LED is very different from the traditional light source in terms of its own structure and luminous characteristics. Due to the self -absorption effect of the LED itself and the measurement error brought by the internal shield of the integrating sphere, the LED’s optical flux error is measured with a large amount of optical flux errors. The position and gear scree...
9.3 Stationary fans and permanently connected fans up in UL 507 9.3.1 In accordance with 9.1.1, the design and intended use of a stationary fan or of a fan intended to be permanently connected electrically is to be considered when evaluating an enclosure or guard. 9.3.2 The impeller of a stationary or permanently connected fan shall be constructed so that it cannot be contacted by the probe illust...
The glow-wire tester is used to simulate the ignition of insulation materials or other combustible components inside equipment that may catch fire due to a hot wire or hot element. Under certain conditions, such as fault currents flowing through wires, component overloads, and poor contacts, certain components can reach a certain temperature that causes nearby parts to ignite. This can be tested t...
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