Introduction Industries as diverse as electronics, automobiles, airplanes, and telecommunications all rely on rapid temperature change testing. It entails putting items and parts through rapid temperature changes to test how well they hold up in harsh environments. Environmental chambers are used to make precise and consistent temperature adjustments. The temperature in these chambers may be chang...
Haze meters is also known as turbidity meters, indicates the degree to which transparent or translucent materials are not clear. Is the cloudy or hazy appearance in or on a material due to light scattering. Expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the scattered luminous flux to the luminous flux transmitted through the material. Usually only the scattered light flux deviated from the direction of...
Stationary fans and permanently connected fans In accordance with 9.1.1, the design and intended use of a stationary fan or of a fan intended to be permanently connected electrically is to be considered when evaluating an enclosure or guard. The impeller of a stationary or permanently connected fan shall be constructed so that it cannot be contacted by the probe illustrated in Figure 9.2. Exceptio...
Introduction Self-driving cars are a game-changing innovation that might completely alter the transportation landscape. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a possible threat to the safety and performance of these vehicles because of the integration of sophisticated electronic systems and wireless communication technologies. Damage to sensor data, communication breakdowns, and even significant sa...
Accessibility of Live Parts An electrical part of a heater shall be so located or enclosed that protection against unintentional contact with uninsulated live parts will be provided, except that this requirement does not apply to a visibly glowing open-wire element and the connections immediately adjacent to the element. See 3.1. 8.2, 33.7 and 33.14. Insulated motor brush caps do not require addit...
The static electricity generated by the human body to an object or between two objects may cause the circuit of electrical and electronic equipment to malfunction or even be damaged. Therefore, ESD test widely used all over the world. The electrostatic discharge generator is also known as electrostatic discharge gun is an important equipment in the electrostatic discharge immunity test in the elec...
Introduction Print circuit board (PCB) and electronic component dependability and longevity is of utmost importance in today’s fast-paced, technologically sophisticated electronics sector. Environmental variables such as moisture, humidity, and corrosive substances are common enemies of these parts, and may cause deterioration in performance and early failures. The reliability and resistance...
Gloss meter, also called digital glossmeter, is an instrument used to measure the surface gloss of ceramics, paints, inks, plastics, marble, aluminum, hardware and other materials. According to the angle, the precision gloss meter is divided into three types: gloss, medium gloss and low gloss. Gloss is a surface property that can provide important information about surface quality. From building m...
Introduction The need for a robust charging infrastructure is of critical importance as the number of people driving electric cars (EVs) increases. Charging stations for EVs need reliable power supply systems that can keep up with the growing demand and keep the charging process simple and streamlined for EV drivers. Surge testers are an essential component of a secure and reliable power grid and ...
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